rganautaSun and skin in 3D
Sunlight includes ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which we can't see but which reaches the skin even on cloudy or cold days. In small amounts it lets the skin…
Explained for every age
For kids (7–11)
The sun gives us light and warmth and helps your skin make vitamin D. But it also sends invisible rays, called ultraviolet, that can burn your skin. To enjoy the sun without getting burned, use shade, a hat, clothes, sunglasses and sunscreen.
For teens (12–16)
Sunlight includes ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which we can't see but which reaches the skin even on cloudy or cold days. In small amounts it lets the skin make vitamin D; too much damages cells, causes sunburn, spots and wrinkles and eye problems, and increases the risk of skin cancer. The skin defends itself with melanin, but that defense isn't enough. Protection combines several measures: seeking shade during the hours of strongest sun, covering up with clothes, a hat and sunglasses, and using broad-spectrum sunscreen.
Pre-Med (17+)
The solar UV radiation that reaches the surface is mostly UVA (over 95%) with a fraction of UVB; UVC is absorbed by the atmosphere. UVB is the main cause of solar erythema and also drives cutaneous vitamin D3 synthesis; UVA penetrates more deeply and contributes to photoaging. Excessive exposure causes sunburn, photoaging, eye damage and skin cancer, including squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. The recommended photoprotection is combined: shade during the hours of highest UV index, clothing and a wide-brimmed hat, UV-filtering sunglasses and broad-spectrum sunscreen; avoid tanning beds. A tan is not sufficient protection.
What you can explore
Ultraviolet radiationMelaninSunburnSunscreenSkin cancer preventionVitamin D
Missions
- Five shields against the sun Explorer
- UV, melanin and vitamin D Discoverer
- Photobiology and photoprotection Pre-Med